Black Currant Anthocyanins Attenuate Weight Gain and Improve Glucose Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Mice with Intact, but Not Disrupted, Gut Microbiome

Debora Esposito, Thanakorn Damsud, Mickey Wilson, Mary H. Grace, Renee Strauch, Xu Li, Mary Ann Lila, Slavko Komarnytsky

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) is a rich source of anthocyanins; however, the relationship between their apparently limited bioavailability and significant protection against metabolic pathologies is poorly understood. This study examined the gastrointestinal distribution of black currant anthocyanins and their phenolic acid metabolites in lean and diet-induced obese mice with healthy and antibiotic-disrupted microbiomes. Daily consumption of low- or high-fat diet supplemented with 1% black currant powdered extract (32% anthocyanins) for 8 weeks reduced body weight gain and improved glucose metabolism only in mice with the intact gut microbiome. Administration of antibiotic cocktail resulted in a 16-25-fold increase (P < 0.001) in anthocyanin content of feces, and cyanidin-based anthocyanins showed the largest increase in fecal content upon disruption of gut microbiome (92.3 ± 16.3 vs 4719 ± 158 μg/g feces), indicating their high susceptibility to microbial degradation in the gut. A 3-fold enrichment (P < 0.05) in gallic over protocatechuic acid was observed in the jejunum of both intact and antibiotic-treated animals, suggesting that this effect was likely independent of their gut microbiome status. Taken together, the data clearly demonstrate that gut microbiome and the type of the anthocyanin aglycone moiety can alter the protective effect of anthocyanins against obesity and associated insulin resistance.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)6172-6180
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume63
Issue number27
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 15 2015

Keywords

  • functional food
  • gastrointestinal tract
  • gut microbiome
  • inflammation
  • obesity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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