Bioavailability of Iron in Cottonseed Meal, Ferric Sulfate, and Two Ferrous Sulfate By-Products of the Galvanizing Industry

Stephanie D. Boling; Hardy M. Edwards; Jason L. Emmert; Robert R. Biehl; David H. Baker

doi:10.1093/ps/77.9.1388

Bioavailability of Iron in Cottonseed Meal, Ferric Sulfate, and Two Ferrous Sulfate By-Products of the Galvanizing Industry

Stephanie D. Boling, Hardy M. Edwards, Jason L. Emmert, Robert R. Biehl, David H. Baker

Animal Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Iron depletion-repletion assays were carried out with young chicks to establish Fe bioavailability values for Fe₂(SO₄)₃·7H₂O (22.7% Fe), FeZnSO₄·H₂O (20.2% Fe, 13.0% Zn), Zn-FeSO₄·H₂O (20.2% Zn, 14.2% Fe), and cottonseed meal (200 mg Fe/kg). Standard hemoglobin response curves were established using feed-grade FeSO₄·H₂O (28.8% Fe) or reagent-grade FeSO₄·TH₂O (20.1% Fe) as standards such that relative bioavailability (RBV) could be assessed for the experimental sources of Fe. Weight gain, hemoglobin, and hematocrit responded linearly (P < 0.05) to Fe supplementation in all assays. Using hemoglobin as the response criterion, slope-ratio calculations established Fe RBV values of 126% for Fe-ZnSO₄·H₂O and 93% for ZnFeSO₄·H₂O. The 126% value for Fe-ZnSO₄·H₂O was greater (P < 0.05) than the FeSO₄·H₂O standard (100%), but the 93% value for Zn-FeSO₄·H₂O was not different (P > 0.10) from the standard. However, evaluation of all criteria of response (hemoglobin, hematocrit, weight gain) suggested that neither Fe-ZnSO₄·H₂O nor Zn-FeSO₄·H₂O had different Fe RBV values than FeSO₄·H₂O. Standard-curve calculations were used for assessment of Fe RBV in Fe₂(SO₄)₃·TH₂O and cottonseed meal, as only a single level of Fe addition was studied for each of these products. Iron RBV in Fe₂(SO₄)₃·TH₂O was estimated to be 37%, whereas Fe RBV in cottonseed meal was found to be 56%. Both of these values were lower (P < 0.05) than the FeSO₄ standard. The data suggest that the two new products, representing combinations of FeSO₄·H₂O and ZnSO₄·H₂O by-products of the galvanizing industry, are excellent sources of bioavailable Fe, whereas ferric sulfate and cottonseed meal are relatively poor sources of usable Fe.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1388-1392
Number of pages	5
Journal	Poultry science
Volume	77
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/77.9.1388
State	Published - Sep 1998

Keywords

Bioavailability
Cottonseed meal
Ferric sulfate
Ferrous sulfate
Iron

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Animal Science and Zoology

Online availability

10.1093/ps/77.9.1388

Library availability

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title = "Bioavailability of Iron in Cottonseed Meal, Ferric Sulfate, and Two Ferrous Sulfate By-Products of the Galvanizing Industry",

abstract = "Iron depletion-repletion assays were carried out with young chicks to establish Fe bioavailability values for Fe2(SO4)3·7H2O (22.7% Fe), FeZnSO4·H2O (20.2% Fe, 13.0% Zn), Zn-FeSO4·H2O (20.2% Zn, 14.2% Fe), and cottonseed meal (200 mg Fe/kg). Standard hemoglobin response curves were established using feed-grade FeSO4·H2O (28.8% Fe) or reagent-grade FeSO4·TH2O (20.1% Fe) as standards such that relative bioavailability (RBV) could be assessed for the experimental sources of Fe. Weight gain, hemoglobin, and hematocrit responded linearly (P < 0.05) to Fe supplementation in all assays. Using hemoglobin as the response criterion, slope-ratio calculations established Fe RBV values of 126% for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O and 93% for ZnFeSO4·H2O. The 126% value for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O was greater (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4·H2O standard (100%), but the 93% value for Zn-FeSO4·H2O was not different (P > 0.10) from the standard. However, evaluation of all criteria of response (hemoglobin, hematocrit, weight gain) suggested that neither Fe-ZnSO4·H2O nor Zn-FeSO4·H2O had different Fe RBV values than FeSO4·H2O. Standard-curve calculations were used for assessment of Fe RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O and cottonseed meal, as only a single level of Fe addition was studied for each of these products. Iron RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O was estimated to be 37%, whereas Fe RBV in cottonseed meal was found to be 56%. Both of these values were lower (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4 standard. The data suggest that the two new products, representing combinations of FeSO4·H2O and ZnSO4·H2O by-products of the galvanizing industry, are excellent sources of bioavailable Fe, whereas ferric sulfate and cottonseed meal are relatively poor sources of usable Fe.",

keywords = "Bioavailability, Cottonseed meal, Ferric sulfate, Ferrous sulfate, Iron",

author = "Boling, {Stephanie D.} and Edwards, {Hardy M.} and Emmert, {Jason L.} and Biehl, {Robert R.} and Baker, {David H.}",

year = "1998",

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T1 - Bioavailability of Iron in Cottonseed Meal, Ferric Sulfate, and Two Ferrous Sulfate By-Products of the Galvanizing Industry

AU - Boling, Stephanie D.

AU - Edwards, Hardy M.

AU - Emmert, Jason L.

AU - Biehl, Robert R.

AU - Baker, David H.

PY - 1998/9

Y1 - 1998/9

N2 - Iron depletion-repletion assays were carried out with young chicks to establish Fe bioavailability values for Fe2(SO4)3·7H2O (22.7% Fe), FeZnSO4·H2O (20.2% Fe, 13.0% Zn), Zn-FeSO4·H2O (20.2% Zn, 14.2% Fe), and cottonseed meal (200 mg Fe/kg). Standard hemoglobin response curves were established using feed-grade FeSO4·H2O (28.8% Fe) or reagent-grade FeSO4·TH2O (20.1% Fe) as standards such that relative bioavailability (RBV) could be assessed for the experimental sources of Fe. Weight gain, hemoglobin, and hematocrit responded linearly (P < 0.05) to Fe supplementation in all assays. Using hemoglobin as the response criterion, slope-ratio calculations established Fe RBV values of 126% for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O and 93% for ZnFeSO4·H2O. The 126% value for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O was greater (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4·H2O standard (100%), but the 93% value for Zn-FeSO4·H2O was not different (P > 0.10) from the standard. However, evaluation of all criteria of response (hemoglobin, hematocrit, weight gain) suggested that neither Fe-ZnSO4·H2O nor Zn-FeSO4·H2O had different Fe RBV values than FeSO4·H2O. Standard-curve calculations were used for assessment of Fe RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O and cottonseed meal, as only a single level of Fe addition was studied for each of these products. Iron RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O was estimated to be 37%, whereas Fe RBV in cottonseed meal was found to be 56%. Both of these values were lower (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4 standard. The data suggest that the two new products, representing combinations of FeSO4·H2O and ZnSO4·H2O by-products of the galvanizing industry, are excellent sources of bioavailable Fe, whereas ferric sulfate and cottonseed meal are relatively poor sources of usable Fe.

AB - Iron depletion-repletion assays were carried out with young chicks to establish Fe bioavailability values for Fe2(SO4)3·7H2O (22.7% Fe), FeZnSO4·H2O (20.2% Fe, 13.0% Zn), Zn-FeSO4·H2O (20.2% Zn, 14.2% Fe), and cottonseed meal (200 mg Fe/kg). Standard hemoglobin response curves were established using feed-grade FeSO4·H2O (28.8% Fe) or reagent-grade FeSO4·TH2O (20.1% Fe) as standards such that relative bioavailability (RBV) could be assessed for the experimental sources of Fe. Weight gain, hemoglobin, and hematocrit responded linearly (P < 0.05) to Fe supplementation in all assays. Using hemoglobin as the response criterion, slope-ratio calculations established Fe RBV values of 126% for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O and 93% for ZnFeSO4·H2O. The 126% value for Fe-ZnSO4·H2O was greater (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4·H2O standard (100%), but the 93% value for Zn-FeSO4·H2O was not different (P > 0.10) from the standard. However, evaluation of all criteria of response (hemoglobin, hematocrit, weight gain) suggested that neither Fe-ZnSO4·H2O nor Zn-FeSO4·H2O had different Fe RBV values than FeSO4·H2O. Standard-curve calculations were used for assessment of Fe RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O and cottonseed meal, as only a single level of Fe addition was studied for each of these products. Iron RBV in Fe2(SO4)3·TH2O was estimated to be 37%, whereas Fe RBV in cottonseed meal was found to be 56%. Both of these values were lower (P < 0.05) than the FeSO4 standard. The data suggest that the two new products, representing combinations of FeSO4·H2O and ZnSO4·H2O by-products of the galvanizing industry, are excellent sources of bioavailable Fe, whereas ferric sulfate and cottonseed meal are relatively poor sources of usable Fe.

KW - Bioavailability

KW - Cottonseed meal

KW - Ferric sulfate

KW - Ferrous sulfate

KW - Iron

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Bioavailability of Iron in Cottonseed Meal, Ferric Sulfate, and Two Ferrous Sulfate By-Products of the Galvanizing Industry

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