TY - JOUR
T1 - Astrophysical and Theoretical Physics Implications from Multimessenger Neutron Star Observations
AU - Silva, Hector O.
AU - Holgado, A. Miguel
AU - Cárdenas-Avendaño, Alejandro
AU - Yunes, Nicolás
N1 - We thank Toral Gupta, Fred Lamb, Philippe Landry, and Helvi Witek for various discussions. We also thank Cole Miller, Sharon Morsink, and Kent Yagi for suggestions that improved this work. We thank the NICER Collaboration for making publicly available. H. O. S., A. C.-A., and N. Y. are supported by NASA Grants No. NNX16AB98G, No. 80NSSC17M0041, No. 80NSSC18K1352, and NSF Grant No. 1759615. A. C.-A. also acknowledges funding from the Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Project No. 5INV1). A. M. H. was supported by the DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship under Grant No. DE-NA0003864.
PY - 2021/5/3
Y1 - 2021/5/3
N2 - The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) recently measured the mass and equatorial radius of the isolated neutron star PSR J0030+0451. We use these measurements to infer the moment of inertia, the quadrupole moment, and the surface eccentricity of an isolated neutron star for the first time, using relations between these quantities that are insensitive to the unknown equation of state of supranuclear matter. We also use these results to forecast the moment of inertia of neutron star A in the double pulsar binary J0737-3039, a quantity anticipated to be directly measured in the coming decade with radio observations. Combining this information with the measurement of the tidal Love number with LIGO/Virgo observations, we propose and implement the first theory-agnostic and equation-of-state-insensitive test of general relativity. Specializing these constraints to a particular modified theory, we find that consistency with general relativity places the most stringent constraint on gravitational parity violation to date, surpassing all other previously reported bounds by 7 orders of magnitude and opens the path for a future test of general relativity with multimessenger neutron star observations.
AB - The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) recently measured the mass and equatorial radius of the isolated neutron star PSR J0030+0451. We use these measurements to infer the moment of inertia, the quadrupole moment, and the surface eccentricity of an isolated neutron star for the first time, using relations between these quantities that are insensitive to the unknown equation of state of supranuclear matter. We also use these results to forecast the moment of inertia of neutron star A in the double pulsar binary J0737-3039, a quantity anticipated to be directly measured in the coming decade with radio observations. Combining this information with the measurement of the tidal Love number with LIGO/Virgo observations, we propose and implement the first theory-agnostic and equation-of-state-insensitive test of general relativity. Specializing these constraints to a particular modified theory, we find that consistency with general relativity places the most stringent constraint on gravitational parity violation to date, surpassing all other previously reported bounds by 7 orders of magnitude and opens the path for a future test of general relativity with multimessenger neutron star observations.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85105741774
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85105741774#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.181101
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.181101
M3 - Article
C2 - 34018776
AN - SCOPUS:85105741774
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 126
JO - Physical review letters
JF - Physical review letters
IS - 18
M1 - 181101
ER -