Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults

Jianping Cong; Chu Chu; Qing Qing Li; Yang Zhou; Zhengmin (Min) Qian; Sarah Dee Geiger; Michael G. Vaughn; Xiao Wen Zeng; Ru Qing Liu; Li Wen Hu; Bo Yi Yang; Gongbo Chen; Mohammed Zeeshan; Xiao Sun; Mingdeng Xiang; Guang Hui Dong

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596

Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults

Jianping Cong, Chu Chu, Qing Qing Li, Yang Zhou, Zhengmin (Min) Qian, Sarah Dee Geiger, Michael G. Vaughn, Xiao Wen Zeng, Ru Qing Liu, Li Wen Hu, Bo Yi Yang, Gongbo Chen, Mohammed Zeeshan, Xiao Sun, Mingdeng Xiang, Guang Hui Dong

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	106596
Journal	Environment international
Volume	155
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596
State	Published - Oct 2021

Keywords

6:2 Cl-PFESA
8:2 Cl-PFESA
Perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives
Serum lipids

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Environmental Science

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Cong, J., Chu, C., Li, Q. Q., Zhou, Y., (Min) Qian, Z., Dee Geiger, S., Vaughn, M. G., Zeng, X. W., Liu, R. Q., Hu, L. W., Yang, B. Y., Chen, G., Zeeshan, M., Sun, X., Xiang, M., & Dong, G. H. (2021). Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults. Environment international, 155, Article 106596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596

@article{b66edb7e2b3f4cb69d9306a20749a882,

title = "Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults",

abstract = "Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.",

keywords = "6:2 Cl-PFESA, 8:2 Cl-PFESA, Perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives, Serum lipids",

author = "Jianping Cong and Chu Chu and Li, {Qing Qing} and Yang Zhou and {(Min) Qian}, Zhengmin and {Dee Geiger}, Sarah and Vaughn, {Michael G.} and Zeng, {Xiao Wen} and Liu, {Ru Qing} and Hu, {Li Wen} and Yang, {Bo Yi} and Gongbo Chen and Mohammed Zeeshan and Xiao Sun and Mingdeng Xiang and Dong, {Guang Hui}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81950410633 , 82003409 , 81903287 and 82073503 ), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFE0106900 and 2018YFC1004300 ), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2019A050510017 , 2018B05052007 and 2017A090905042 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 19ykjc01 ). The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s)",

year = "2021",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "155",

journal = "Environment international",

issn = "0160-4120",

publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults

AU - Cong, Jianping

AU - Chu, Chu

AU - Li, Qing Qing

AU - Zhou, Yang

AU - (Min) Qian, Zhengmin

AU - Dee Geiger, Sarah

AU - Vaughn, Michael G.

AU - Zeng, Xiao Wen

AU - Liu, Ru Qing

AU - Hu, Li Wen

AU - Yang, Bo Yi

AU - Chen, Gongbo

AU - Zeeshan, Mohammed

AU - Sun, Xiao

AU - Xiang, Mingdeng

AU - Dong, Guang Hui

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81950410633 , 82003409 , 81903287 and 82073503 ), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFE0106900 and 2018YFC1004300 ), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2019A050510017 , 2018B05052007 and 2017A090905042 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 19ykjc01 ). The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)

PY - 2021/10

Y1 - 2021/10

N2 - Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.

AB - Background: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs), a group of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternatives, can be widely observed in humans and environmental matrices. However, associations between exposure to Cl-PFESAs and serum lipid levels in adults are unknown. Objective: To explore the relationships between Cl-PFESA levels and serum lipid levels in adults. Methods: We analyzed 1238 adults from the Isomers of C8 Health Project, a cross-sectional study conducted in China from July 2015 to October 2016. The average age of the participants was 61.98 ± 14.40 years. We quantified two select legacy per- and perfluoroalkyl substances [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFOS] and their alternatives (6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs). We also measured four serum lipids: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). We used generalized linear models to estimate the associations between PFASs and serum lipids, with PFASs defined as either a categorical variable divided into quartiles or as a continuous variable. Results: We found that 6:2 Cl-PFESA was positively associated with serum TC and LDL-C. For instance, LDL-C levels in the highest quartile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure (Q4) were significantly higher than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) [β: 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.30]. Further analysis showed that one ln-ng/mL increase in 6:2 Cl-PFESA exposure corresponded to a 0.10 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.16) LDL-C increase, and that exposure to 8:2 Cl-PFESA was negatively correlated with HDL-C (β: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01). TC had a similar relationship with both 6:2 Cl-PFESA and legacy PFASs. Participants with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 exhibited a stronger association between 6:2 Cl-PFESA and TC. Conclusions: Our findings make the novel suggestion that exposure to Cl-PFESAs are adversely associated with serum lipid levels, and that such associations are also observed in legacy PFASs. Increased investigation into the effects of Cl-PFESAs exposure on human health is warranted.

KW - 6:2 Cl-PFESA

KW - 8:2 Cl-PFESA

KW - Perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives

KW - Serum lipids

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DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106596

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JO - Environment international

JF - Environment international

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Associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate alternatives and serum lipids in Chinese adults

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