Assessing the effectiveness of direct injection for ocean carbon sequestration under the influence of climate change

This paper studies the effect of climate change on simulated efficiency of carbon injection at different locations and ocean depths using an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, ISAM-2.5D. Following the OCMIP carbon sequestration protocol, we carried out a series of carbon injection simulations. The ISAM results show that warming over the next 500 years under the IPCC S650 and WRE1000 stabilization scenarios could change the ocean circulation and thereby increases the residence time of CO₂ disposed into the deep ocean, particularly for Atlantic injection. However, the warming does not have a significant effect on carbon injections into the Pacific and Indian Oceans, where circulation change is small. This new finding contrasts with previous OGCM results.