Applying LF-MLFMA to solve complex PEC structures

In this paper, the wire-surface basis is reviewed. The original hard wire-surface basis is divided into independent small wire-surface bases. This new wire-surface basis consists of only one wire segment and one triangular patch. It simulates more accurately the current distribution near the junction, and is easier to form the wire-surface global loop basis for low-frequency problems. For complex structures with a global loop basis, LF-MLFMA directly based on a loop-tree basis is inefficient and cannot be applied. To solve the problem, LF-MLFMA based on an RWG basis, wire basis, and wire-surface basis for efficiently solving low-frequency problems is developed. But the intrinsic expansion bases are still loop-tree bases.