Analysis and Characterization of Photon-Photon Resonance in Coupled Dual-Element Photonic Crystal Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Arrays

William North, Nusrat Jahan, Pawel Strzebonski, Arjun Khurana, Stephen E. Ralph, Kent D. Choquette

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We report a photonic resonance at the frequency difference between non-degenerate modes of dual-element photonic crystal vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays. The evolution of modes in coupled dual-element laser arrays biased in the coherently coupled region is examined through theory and experimentation. A complex waveguide simulation predicts two supermodes for operation along the coherently coupled region which results in increased output power, visibility, and a photon-photon resonance frequency above the carrier-photon resonance frequency. Experimental analysis of number of spectral peaks, far-field beam profile, spectral linewidth, and noise frequency response along the coherently coupled region as a function of input current shows that the two supermodes must lase simultaneously within the coherently coupled region. The two supermodes are nearly degenerate and the resulting beating between the supermodes creates a photon-photon resonance. For the nominally 850nm arrays characterized, we identify the photon-photon resonance at approximately 20 GHz for operation along the coherently coupled region.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1-7
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Lightwave Technology
DOIs
StateAccepted/In press - 2023

Keywords

  • Indexes
  • Modulation
  • Optical coupling
  • Photonic crystals
  • Photonics
  • Refractive index
  • Semiconductor laser arrays
  • Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers
  • phased arrays
  • semiconductor laser arrays
  • vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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