An Ion-Channel-Restructured Zwitterionic Covalent Organic Framework Solid Electrolyte for All-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries

Organic solid electrolytes offer an effective route for safe and high-energy-density all-solid-state Li metal batteries. However, it remains a challenge to devise a new strategy to promote the dissociation of strong ion pairs and the transport of ionic components in organic solid electrolytes. Herein, a zwitterionic covalent organic framework (Zwitt-COF) with well-defined chemical and pore structures is prepared as a solid electrolyte capable of accelerating the dissociation and transport of Li ions. The Zwitt-COF solid electrolyte exhibits a high room-temperature ionic conductivity of 1.65 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ with a wide electrochemical stability window. Besides, the Zwitt-COF solid electrolyte displays stable Li plating/stripping behavior via effective inhibition of the formation of Li dendrites and dead Li, leading to superior long-term cycle performance with retention of 99% discharge capacity and 98% Coulombic efficiency in an all-solid-state Li-metal battery. Theoretical simulations reveal that the incorporation of zwitterionic groups into COF can facilitate the dissociation of strong ion pairs and reconstruct the AA-stacking configuration by dissociative adsorption of Li⁺ ions on Zwitt-COF producing linear hexagonal ion channels in the Zwitt-COF solid electrolyte. This strategy based on Zwitt-COF can provide an alternative way to construct various solid-state Li batteries.