An initial evaluation of analyser-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging of carotid plaque microstructure

A. A. Appel, C. Y. Chou, J. C. Larson, Z. Zhong, F. J. Schoen, C. M. Johnston, Eric M. Brey, M. A. Anastasio

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Carotid artery plaque instability can result in rupture and lead to ischaemic stroke. Stability of plaques appears to be a function of composition. Current non-invasive imaging techniques are limited in their ability to classify distinct histological regions within plaques. Phase-contrast (PC) X-ray imaging methods are an emerging class of techniques that have shown promise for identifying soft-tissue features without use of exogenous contrast agents. This is the first study to apply analyser-based X-ray PC imaging in CT mode to provide three-dimensional (3D) images of excised atherosclerotic plaques. The results provide proof of principle for this technique as a promising method for analysis of carotid plaque microstructure. Multiple image radiography CT (MIR-CT), a tomographic implementation of X-ray PC imaging that employs crystal optics, was employed to image excised carotid plaques. MIR-CT imaging yields three complementary images of the plaque's 3D X-ray absorption, refraction and scatter properties. These images were compared with histological sections of the tissue. X-ray PC images were able to identify the interface between the plaque and the medial wall. In addition, lipid-rich and highly vascularized regions were visible in the images as well as features depicting inflammation. This preliminary research shows MIR-CT imaging can reveal details about plaque structure not provided by traditional absorption-based X-ray imaging and appears to identify specific histological regions within plaques. This is the first study to apply analyser-based X-ray PC imaging to human carotid artery plaques to identify distinct soft-tissue regions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number20120318
JournalBritish Journal of Radiology
Volume86
Issue number1021
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2013
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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