TY - JOUR
T1 - Amazonian Moisture Recycling Revisited Using WRF With Water Vapor Tracers
AU - Dominguez, F.
AU - Eiras-Barca, J.
AU - Yang, Z.
AU - Bock, D.
AU - Nieto, R.
AU - Gimeno, L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award AGS 1454 089. Visualization by David Bock, Lead Visualization Programmer, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Champaign Urbana, IL. Visualizations supported by XSEDE award ATM170030. L.G., R.N. and J.E.B were funded by the Spanish government within the LAGRIMA (RTI2018‐095 772‐B‐I00) project, funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain, which are also funded by FEDER (European Regional Development Fund, ERDF) and KP1701000/57 131.ED431C 2021/44 “Programa de Consolidación e Estructuración de Unidades de Investigación Competitivas” financed by Xunta de Galicia, Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade. J.E.B was also supported by the Xunta de Galicia (Galician Regional Government) under grant and by the Fulbright Program (US Department of State). Z. Y was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program via Grant. The authors also thank the Defense University Center at the Spanish Naval Academy (CUD‐ENM) for the support provided for this research.
Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award AGS 1454 089. Visualization by David Bock, Lead Visualization Programmer, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Champaign Urbana, IL. Visualizations supported by XSEDE award ATM170030. L.G., R.N. and J.E.B were funded by the Spanish government within the LAGRIMA (RTI2018-095 772-B-I00) project, funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain, which are also funded by FEDER (European Regional Development Fund, ERDF) and KP1701000/57 131.ED431C 2021/44 ?Programa de Consolidaci?n e Estructuraci?n de Unidades de Investigaci?n Competitivas? financed by Xunta de Galicia, Conseller?a de Cultura, Educaci?n e Universidade. J.E.B was also supported by the Xunta de Galicia (Galician Regional Government) under grant and by the Fulbright Program (US Department of State). Z. Y was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program via Grant. The authors also thank the Defense University Center at the Spanish Naval Academy (CUD-ENM) for the support provided for this research.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2022/2/27
Y1 - 2022/2/27
N2 - Previous studies have estimated that 25%–35% of Amazonian precipitation comes from evapotranspiration (ET) within the basin. However, due to simplifying assumptions of traditional models, these studies primarily focus on large spatial and temporal scales. This study is the first to analyze the moisture of Amazonian origin at the annual to daily timescale in four different subregions of the Amazon. We analyze the sources, sinks and stores of moisture that originates as Amazonian ET. To do this, we use the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) regional meteorological model with the added capability of water vapor tracers to track this moisture. Moisture of Amazonian origin shows strong annual and semi-annual signals, with contrasting behavior between the northern and southern parts of the basin. The tracers reveal a strong diurnal cycle of Amazonian water vapor which had not been previously reported. This signal is related to the diurnal cycle of ET, convective precipitation and advected moisture. ET's contribution to atmospheric moisture increases from early morning into the afternoon. Some of this moisture is rained out through convective storms in the early evening. Later in the night and following morning, strong winds associated with the South American Low Level Jet advect moisture downwind. The beating pattern becomes apparent when visualizing the Amazonian water vapor as an animation.
AB - Previous studies have estimated that 25%–35% of Amazonian precipitation comes from evapotranspiration (ET) within the basin. However, due to simplifying assumptions of traditional models, these studies primarily focus on large spatial and temporal scales. This study is the first to analyze the moisture of Amazonian origin at the annual to daily timescale in four different subregions of the Amazon. We analyze the sources, sinks and stores of moisture that originates as Amazonian ET. To do this, we use the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) regional meteorological model with the added capability of water vapor tracers to track this moisture. Moisture of Amazonian origin shows strong annual and semi-annual signals, with contrasting behavior between the northern and southern parts of the basin. The tracers reveal a strong diurnal cycle of Amazonian water vapor which had not been previously reported. This signal is related to the diurnal cycle of ET, convective precipitation and advected moisture. ET's contribution to atmospheric moisture increases from early morning into the afternoon. Some of this moisture is rained out through convective storms in the early evening. Later in the night and following morning, strong winds associated with the South American Low Level Jet advect moisture downwind. The beating pattern becomes apparent when visualizing the Amazonian water vapor as an animation.
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U2 - 10.1029/2021JD035259
DO - 10.1029/2021JD035259
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85125140696
SN - 2169-897X
VL - 127
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
IS - 4
M1 - e2021JD035259
ER -