TY - JOUR
T1 - Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases
T2 - A Review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies’ Environmental Committee, Part 2: Air Pollution and Organ Systems
AU - Schraufnagel, Dean E.
AU - Balmes, John R.
AU - Cowl, Clayton T.
AU - De Matteis, Sara
AU - Jung, Soon Hee
AU - Mortimer, Kevin
AU - Perez-Padilla, Rogelio
AU - Rice, Mary B.
AU - Riojas-Rodriguez, Horacio
AU - Sood, Akshay
AU - Thurston, George D.
AU - To, Teresa
AU - Vanker, Anessa
AU - Wuebbles, Donald J.
N1 - Funding Information:
FUNDING/SUPPORT: The contribution by G. D. T. was supported in part by a National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center grant [Grant E500260] to the New York University School of Medicine.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American College of Chest Physicians
PY - 2019/2
Y1 - 2019/2
N2 - Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung cancer deaths and 1.6 million COPD deaths can be attributed to air pollution, but air pollution may also account for 19% of all cardiovascular deaths and 21% of all stroke deaths. Air pollution has been linked to other malignancies, such as bladder cancer and childhood leukemia. Lung development in childhood is stymied with exposure to air pollutants, and poor lung development in children predicts lung impairment in adults. Air pollution is associated with reduced cognitive function and increased risk of dementia. Particulate matter in the air (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) is associated with delayed psychomotor development and lower child intelligence. Studies link air pollution with diabetes mellitus prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Pollution affects the immune system and is associated with allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization, and autoimmunity. It is also associated with osteoporosis and bone fractures, conjunctivitis, dry eye disease, blepharitis, inflammatory bowel disease, increased intravascular coagulation, and decreased glomerular filtration rate. Atopic and urticarial skin disease, acne, and skin aging are linked to air pollution. Air pollution is controllable and, therefore, many of these adverse health effects can be prevented.
AB - Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung cancer deaths and 1.6 million COPD deaths can be attributed to air pollution, but air pollution may also account for 19% of all cardiovascular deaths and 21% of all stroke deaths. Air pollution has been linked to other malignancies, such as bladder cancer and childhood leukemia. Lung development in childhood is stymied with exposure to air pollutants, and poor lung development in children predicts lung impairment in adults. Air pollution is associated with reduced cognitive function and increased risk of dementia. Particulate matter in the air (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) is associated with delayed psychomotor development and lower child intelligence. Studies link air pollution with diabetes mellitus prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Pollution affects the immune system and is associated with allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization, and autoimmunity. It is also associated with osteoporosis and bone fractures, conjunctivitis, dry eye disease, blepharitis, inflammatory bowel disease, increased intravascular coagulation, and decreased glomerular filtration rate. Atopic and urticarial skin disease, acne, and skin aging are linked to air pollution. Air pollution is controllable and, therefore, many of these adverse health effects can be prevented.
KW - air pollution
KW - noncommunicable diseases
KW - organ systems
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.041
DO - 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.041
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30419237
AN - SCOPUS:85060292021
SN - 0012-3692
VL - 155
SP - 417
EP - 426
JO - Chest
JF - Chest
IS - 2
ER -