TY - GEN
T1 - Advanced R744 technology applied to a multi-temperature refrigerated container
AU - Lawrence, Neal
AU - Elbel, Stefan
AU - Hrnjak, Pega
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was part of a Phase II SBIR funded by the U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development, and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) under contract number W911QY-17-C-0006. The authors would like to thank NSRDEC for their financial support. The authors would also like to thank the following equipment suppliers for their donations to the project: Castel S.r.l.; Carlyle Compressors; Peerless of America, Inc.; Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.; Parker Hannifin Corporation-Sporlan Division; and Temprite Company.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 International Institute of Refrigeration. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - R744 is an attractive refrigerant for medium- (MT) and low-temperature (LT) refrigeration but suffers from reduced capacity and energy efficiency at high ambient temperatures, which is of particular concern for applications such as transport refrigeration. This paper describes the design of a multi-temperature refrigerated container, with a subcritical scroll compressor used to provide the LT capacity. To improve unit performance at the high ambient conditions, recent advances in R744 technology have been implemented, including multi-stage transcritical compression with intercooling, improved gas cooler design to minimize approach temperature, and ejector expansion work recovery. Details of the system design and component selection are presented and discussed. The experimental results show that the for ambient temperatures between 25 and 50°C, the prototype R744 container achieves MT capacity in the range of 5.4 to 3.4 kW, LT capacity in the range of 4.1 to 2.3 kW, and unit COP in the range of 1.60 to 0.75.
AB - R744 is an attractive refrigerant for medium- (MT) and low-temperature (LT) refrigeration but suffers from reduced capacity and energy efficiency at high ambient temperatures, which is of particular concern for applications such as transport refrigeration. This paper describes the design of a multi-temperature refrigerated container, with a subcritical scroll compressor used to provide the LT capacity. To improve unit performance at the high ambient conditions, recent advances in R744 technology have been implemented, including multi-stage transcritical compression with intercooling, improved gas cooler design to minimize approach temperature, and ejector expansion work recovery. Details of the system design and component selection are presented and discussed. The experimental results show that the for ambient temperatures between 25 and 50°C, the prototype R744 container achieves MT capacity in the range of 5.4 to 3.4 kW, LT capacity in the range of 4.1 to 2.3 kW, and unit COP in the range of 1.60 to 0.75.
KW - Multi-stage compression
KW - R744 technology
KW - Refrigerated container
KW - Refrigeration cycle design
KW - Two-phase ejector
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U2 - 10.18462/iir.gl.2020.1012
DO - 10.18462/iir.gl.2020.1012
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85098189297
T3 - Refrigeration Science and Technology
SP - 622
EP - 627
BT - 14th IIR Gustav-Lorentzen Conference on Natural Fluids, GL 2020 - Proceedings
PB - International Institute of Refrigeration
T2 - 14th IIR Gustav-Lorentzen Conference on Natural Fluids, GL 2020
Y2 - 7 December 2020 through 9 December 2020
ER -