A single-arm, open-label, multicenter, and comparative study of the ANNE sleep system vs polysomnography to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea

Study Objectives: Evaluate per-patient diagnostic performance of a wireless dual-sensor system (ANNE sleep) compared with reference standard polysomnography (PSG) for the diagnosis of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with a minimum prespecified threshold of 80% for both sensitivity and specificity. Methods: A multicenter clinical trial was conducted to evaluate ANNE sleep vs PSG to diagnose moderate and severe OSA in individuals 22 years or older. For each testing approach, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was manually scored and averaged by 3 registered sleep technologists blinded to the other system. Average variations > 15% were adjudicated by a sleep medicine physician. Results: In a total of n = 225 participants (mean age 53 years, range 22–88 years), PSG diagnosed 30% (n = 68) of participants with moderate or severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15 events/h) compared to 29% (n = 65) diagnosed by ANNE sleep (P = .55). The sensitivity and specificity for ANNE sleep were 90% (95% confidence interval: 80–96%) and 98% (95% confidence interval: 94–99%), respectively. Strong correlation was shown in terms of final AHI (r = .93), with an average AHI bias of 0.5 (95% limits of agreement: –12.8 to 11.8). The majority of users noted comfort with using the ANNE sleep in the home setting. No adverse events were noted. Conclusions: Using PSG as the gold standard, ANNE sleep demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of moderate or severe OSA. Clinical Trial Registration: Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Comparative Study of the ANNE^TM One System to Diagnose Obstructive Sleep Apnea; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04643782; Identifier: NCT04643782.