TY - JOUR
T1 - A Reformulated Architecture of Cognitive Risks for Psychopathology
T2 - Common and Specific Dimensions and Links to Internalizing Outcomes in Adolescence
AU - Schweizer, Tina H.
AU - Snyder, Hannah R.
AU - Hankin, Benjamin L.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank John R. Z. Abela for making significant contributions to this research before his untimely death. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The research reported in this article was supported by research grants from the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression awarded to John R. Z. Abela, by research grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (R03-MH 066845) and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention awarded to Benjamin L. Hankin, and National Institute of Mental Health Grant 5 R01 MH077195 awarded to Benjamin L. Hankin.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2018.
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Multiple cognitive risk products (dysfunctional attitudes [DA], negative inferential style [NIS], self-criticism, dependency, rumination) predict internalizing disorders; however, an optimal structure to assess these risks is unknown. We evaluated the fit, construct validity, and utility of a bifactor, single, and correlated factor model in a community sample of 382 adolescents (age 11-15 years; 59% female). The bifactor, hierarchical single, and correlated factor models all fit well. The bifactor model included a common factor (c), capturing covariance across all cognitive risk measures, and specific latent factors for DA, NIS, dependency and rumination. Construct validity of these factor structures was evaluated with external validators, including depression and anxious arousal (AA) symptoms, positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), and onset of depression diagnostic onset over 2 years. C was associated with higher depression, NA, and AA; lower PA; and predicted depressive episodes. Hierarchical single and correlated factor models also related to external validators.
AB - Multiple cognitive risk products (dysfunctional attitudes [DA], negative inferential style [NIS], self-criticism, dependency, rumination) predict internalizing disorders; however, an optimal structure to assess these risks is unknown. We evaluated the fit, construct validity, and utility of a bifactor, single, and correlated factor model in a community sample of 382 adolescents (age 11-15 years; 59% female). The bifactor, hierarchical single, and correlated factor models all fit well. The bifactor model included a common factor (c), capturing covariance across all cognitive risk measures, and specific latent factors for DA, NIS, dependency and rumination. Construct validity of these factor structures was evaluated with external validators, including depression and anxious arousal (AA) symptoms, positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), and onset of depression diagnostic onset over 2 years. C was associated with higher depression, NA, and AA; lower PA; and predicted depressive episodes. Hierarchical single and correlated factor models also related to external validators.
KW - adolescent
KW - anxiety
KW - cognitive risk
KW - depression
KW - factor analysis
KW - negative affect
KW - positive affect
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U2 - 10.1177/1073191118804878
DO - 10.1177/1073191118804878
M3 - Article
C2 - 30295055
AN - SCOPUS:85059332069
VL - 27
SP - 334
EP - 355
JO - Assessment
JF - Assessment
SN - 1073-1911
IS - 2
ER -