TY - JOUR
T1 - A reexamination of mental arithmetic models and data
T2 - A reply to Ashcraft
AU - Baroody, Arthur J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Preparation of this paper was supported by a Public Health Service Grant from the National Institute of Child Health Development (National Institutes of Health): Grant 1 ROl HD16757-OlAl. I thank Charles J. Brainerd whose comments were instrumental in the preparation of this paper and Kevin Miller who provided key data for the analysis. Responsibility for the content of the paper, however, is assumed by the author. The opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the position or endorsement of NICHD (NIH), Dr. Brainerd, or Dr. Miller. Requests for reprints should be sent to Arthur J. Baroody, Graduate School of Education and Human Development, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627.
PY - 1984/6
Y1 - 1984/6
N2 - In a review of the chronometric literature, M. Ashcraft (1982, Developmental Review, 2, 213-236) concludes that adults store each basic arithmetic fact in a table-like retrieval network. In my commentary (1983, Developmental Review, 3, 225-230), I argued that procedural knowledge (stored rules, principles, or heuristics) might be a cognitively more economical basis for generating many number combinations. In this paper, I draw an analogy between this alternative model of number fact representation and how computers efficiently reconstruct arithmetic combinations, note that the research findings do not clearly support any one model of mental arithmetic, and attempt to address Ashcraft's (1983, Developmental Review, 3, 231-235) criticisms of my model.
AB - In a review of the chronometric literature, M. Ashcraft (1982, Developmental Review, 2, 213-236) concludes that adults store each basic arithmetic fact in a table-like retrieval network. In my commentary (1983, Developmental Review, 3, 225-230), I argued that procedural knowledge (stored rules, principles, or heuristics) might be a cognitively more economical basis for generating many number combinations. In this paper, I draw an analogy between this alternative model of number fact representation and how computers efficiently reconstruct arithmetic combinations, note that the research findings do not clearly support any one model of mental arithmetic, and attempt to address Ashcraft's (1983, Developmental Review, 3, 231-235) criticisms of my model.
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U2 - 10.1016/0273-2297(84)90004-2
DO - 10.1016/0273-2297(84)90004-2
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0008640104
SN - 0273-2297
VL - 4
SP - 148
EP - 156
JO - Developmental Review
JF - Developmental Review
IS - 2
ER -