A neonatal piglet model reveals interactions between nasal microbiota and influenza A virus pathogenesis

Fangfeng Yuan, Lufan Yang, Shih Hsuan Hsiao, Nicole L. Herndon, Christopher A. Gaulke, Ying Fang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

While vaccination and therapeutics for prevention/treatment of influenza are available, new strategies are needed to combat influenza disease in susceptible populations, particularly young children and newborns. Host associated microbiota play an important role in modulating the virulence of numerous pathogens, including the influenza A virus. In this study, we examined microbiome-influenza interactions in a neonatal piglet model system. The nasal microbiome of newborn piglets was longitudinally sampled before and after intranasal infection with recombinant viruses expressing hemagglutinins (HAs) derived from distinct zoonotic H1 subtypes. We found that viruses expressing different parental HAs manifested unique patterns of pathogenicity, and varied impacts on microbial community diversity. Despite these virus specific differences, a consistent microbial signature of viral infection was detected. Our results indicate that influenza A virus infection associates with the restructuring of nasal microbiome and such shifts in microbial diversity may contribute to outcomes of viral infection in neonatal piglets.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number109996
JournalVirology
Volume592
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2024

Keywords

  • Influenza A virus
  • Microbiome
  • Neonatal piglets
  • Swine biomedical model

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Virology

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