TY - GEN
T1 - A Localized Cyber Threat Mitigation Approach for Wide Area Control of FACTS
AU - Chattopadhyay, Abhiroop
AU - Valdes, Alfonso
AU - Sauer, Peter W.
AU - Nuqui, Reynaldo
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would also like to acknowledge support received from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, ABB, and Hitachi ABB Power Grids.
Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000897. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - We propose a localized oscillation amplitude monitoring (OAM) method for the mitigation of cyber threats directed at the wide area control (WAC) system used to coordinate control of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) for power oscillation damping (POD) of active power flow on inter-area tie lines. The method involves monitoring the inter-area tie line active power oscillation amplitude over a sliding window. We use system instability - inferred from oscillation amplitudes growing instead of damping - as evidence of an indication of a malfunction in the WAC of FACTS, possibly indicative of a cyber attack. Monitoring the presence of such a growth allows us to determine whether any destabilizing behaviors appear after the WAC system engages to control the POD. If the WAC signal increases the oscillation amplitude over time, thereby diminishing the POD performance, the FACTS falls back to POD using local measurements. The proposed method does not require an expansive system-wide view of the network. We simulate replay, control integrity, and timing attacks for a test system and present results that demonstrate the performance of the OAM method for mitigation.
AB - We propose a localized oscillation amplitude monitoring (OAM) method for the mitigation of cyber threats directed at the wide area control (WAC) system used to coordinate control of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) for power oscillation damping (POD) of active power flow on inter-area tie lines. The method involves monitoring the inter-area tie line active power oscillation amplitude over a sliding window. We use system instability - inferred from oscillation amplitudes growing instead of damping - as evidence of an indication of a malfunction in the WAC of FACTS, possibly indicative of a cyber attack. Monitoring the presence of such a growth allows us to determine whether any destabilizing behaviors appear after the WAC system engages to control the POD. If the WAC signal increases the oscillation amplitude over time, thereby diminishing the POD performance, the FACTS falls back to POD using local measurements. The proposed method does not require an expansive system-wide view of the network. We simulate replay, control integrity, and timing attacks for a test system and present results that demonstrate the performance of the OAM method for mitigation.
KW - Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)
KW - cyber threat mitigation
KW - inter-area oscillations
KW - modal analysis
KW - wide area control systems
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U2 - 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632302
DO - 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632302
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85123915070
T3 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids, SmartGridComm 2021
SP - 264
EP - 269
BT - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids, SmartGridComm 2021
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids, SmartGridComm 2021
Y2 - 25 October 2021 through 28 October 2021
ER -