@article{16dfdcb05dc3496db6bde29dd55466ca,
title = "A census of cool-core galaxy clusters in IllustrisTNG",
abstract = "The thermodynamic structure of hot gas in galaxy clusters is sensitive to astrophysical processes and typically difficult to model with galaxy formation simulations. We explore the fraction of cool-core (CC) clusters in a large sample of 370 clusters from IllustrisTNG, examining six common CC definitions. IllustrisTNG produces continuous CC criteria distributions, the extremes of which are classified as CC and non-cool core (NCC), and the criteria are increasingly correlated for more massive clusters. At z = 0, the CC fractions for two criteria are in reasonable agreement with the observed fractions but the other four CC fractions are lower than observed. This result is partly driven by systematic differences between the simulated and observed gas fraction profiles. The simulated CC fractions with redshift show tentative agreement with the observed fractions, but linear fits demonstrate that the simulated evolution is steeper than observed. The conversion of CCs to NCCs appears to begin later and act more rapidly in the simulations. Examining the fraction of CCs and NCCs defined as relaxed we find no evidence that CCs are more relaxed, suggesting that mergers are not solely responsible for disrupting CCs. A comparison of the median thermodynamic profiles defined by different CC criteria shows that the extent to which they evolve in the cluster core is dependent on the CC criteria. We conclude that the thermodynamic structure of galaxy clusters in IllustrisTNG shares many similaritieswith observations, but achieving better agreement most likely requires modifications of the underlying galaxy formation model.",
keywords = "Galaxies: clusters: general, Galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Methods: numerical, X-rays: galaxies: clusters",
author = "Barnes, \{David J.\} and Mark Vogelsberger and Rahul Kannan and Federico Marinacci and Rainer Weinberger and Volker Springel and Paul Torrey and Annalisa Pillepich and Dylan Nelson and R{\"u}diger Pakmor and Jill Naiman and Lars Hernquist and Michael McDonald",
note = "We thank Adam Mantz for making data available to us. DJB acknowledges support from STFC through grant ST/L000768/1. MV acknowledges support through an MIT RSC award, the support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and support by NASA ATP grant NNX17AG29G. RK acknowledges support from NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF7-180163 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. Simulations were run on the Hydra and Draco supercomputers at the Max Planck Computing and Data Facility, on the HazelHen Cray XC40-system at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart as part of project GCS-ILLU of the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS), and on the joint MIT-Harvard computing cluster supported by MKI and FAS. VS, RW, and RP acknowledge support through the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037 and would like to thank the Klaus Tschira Foundation. The Flatiron Institute is supported by the Simons Foundation. SG and PT acknowledge support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grants HST-HF2-51341.001-A and HST-HF2-51384.001-A, respectively, awarded by the STScI, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. JPN acknowledges support of NSF AARF award AST-1402480. The flagship simulations of the IllustrisTNG project used in this work have been run on the HazelHen Cray XC40-system at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart as part of project GCS-ILLU of the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS). Ancillary and test runs of the project were also run on the Stampede supercomputer at TACC/XSEDE (allocation AST140063), at the Hydra and Draco supercomputers at the Max Planck Computing and Data Facility, and on the MIT/Harvard computing facilities supported by FAS and MIT MKI.",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/MNRAS/STY2078",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "481",
pages = "1809--1831",
journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "2",
}