My focus is on understanding and addressing the way certainty drives our tendency to judge harshly, demonize, and dismiss people who disagree. As well as understanding how we got to this point.

We often think of this as a problem of political polarization, a lack of civil discourse, or a lack of viewpoint diversity. Where those are actually the downstream effects of a fundamental problem in how we think. 

My work includes:

• The Certainty Trap
• Beyond Bigots and Snowflakes video series
• Why We Disagree about Social Inequality: Social Justice vs. Social Order
• Unassailable Ideas: How Unwritten Rules and Social Media Shape Discourse in American Higher Education